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perl连接数据库,

perl连接数据库,


1994年发布的DBI是Perl语言连接关系性数据库的标准。可以从dbi.perl.org获得DBI的源代码和文档。
  IBM在1995年发布了对于Perl的DB2驱动,这个驱动是符合DBI标准的,在Perl里这个驱动称为DBD::DB2 。可以从ibm.com/software/db2/perl获得DBD::DB2驱动的最新信息。

  注意:最近的DB2驱动需要至少Perl 5.005_03和DBI 1.21或以上的版本。

  2. 准备环境
  步骤如下
  (1)安装Perl语言环境
  Windows下可以从www.activestate.com获得Perl的安装包。
  安装后可以使用perl -v看看Perl的版本信息。
  DBI驱动和DBD::DB2驱动都是作为Perl的附加模块使用ppm工具安装的。安装方法参见(2), (3),安装时最好先去ibm.com/software/db2/perl上看看ppm后面的参数有没有变化。

  (2)安装DBI驱动
  ppm install http://ftp.esoftmatic.com/outgoing/DBI/5.8.4/DBI.ppd

  (3)安装DBD::DB2驱动
  ppm install http://ftp.esoftmatic.com/outgoing/DBI/5.8.4/DBD-DB2.ppd

  (4)安装DB2 runtime client

  
  3. 使用Perl连接DB2
  (1)使用DBI函数DBI->data_sources 来扫描DB2数据库目录并返回一个包含了有效数据源名称(DSN)的数组。
  ----------------datasources.pl-------------
  #!/usr/lib/perl -w
  #
  # This perl script prints the list of cataloged DB2 data-sources
  #
  use DBI;
  use DBD::DB2;
  use DBD::DB2::Constants;

  print "Operating Systems = $^O ";
  print "Perl Binary = $^X ";
  print "Perl Version = $] ";
  print "DBI Version = $DBI::VERSION ";
  print "DBD::DB2 Version = $DBD::DB2::VERSION ";

  my @DB2DataSources = DBI->data_sources("DB2");

  print "Available DB2 DSNs: ";

  foreach my $dsn ( @DB2DataSources )
  {
  print " $dsn ";
  }
  -------------------END----------------------

  (2)获取db2数据库的信息
  ----------datasourceInfo.pl--------------------------
  #!/usr/lib/perl -w
  #
  # This perl script prints the information DB2 database
  #
  use DBI;
  use DBD::DB2;
  use DBD::DB2::Constants;

  my $dsn = 'dbi:DB2:SAMPLE';
  my $uid = 'henry';
  my $pwd = 'happyday';

  my $dbh = DBI->connect( $dsn, $uid, $pwd ) || die "$DBI::errstr";

  print "Database Connection Information ";
  printf( "Server Instance : %s ", $dbh->get_info( SQL_SERVER_NAME ) );
  printf( "Database Server : %s ", $dbh->get_info( SQL_DBMS_NAME ) );
  printf( "Database Version : %s ", $dbh->get_info( SQL_DBMS_VER ) ); 
  printf( "Database Alias : %s ", $dbh->get_info( SQL_DATA_SOURCE_NAME ) );
  printf( "Database Codepage : %s ", $dbh->get_info( 2519 ) );
  printf( "Application Codepage: %s ", $dbh->get_info( 2520 ) );
  printf( "Authoriztion Id : %s ", $dbh->get_info( SQL_USER_NAME ) );
  printf( "Max Idntifier Len : %s ", $dbh->get_info( SQL_MAX_IDENTIFIER_LEN ) );
  printf( "Max Table Name Len : %s ", $dbh->get_info( SQL_MAX_TABLE_NAME_LEN ) );
  printf( "Max Index Size : %s ", $dbh->get_info( SQL_MAX_INDEX_SIZE ) );
  printf( "Max Columns in Table: %s ", $dbh->get_info( SQL_MAX_COLUMNS_IN_TABLE ) );
  -------------------END----------------------

  (3)获取db2数据库的元数据(比如, 表结构)
  ----------tableinfo.pl--------------------------
  #!/usr/lib/perl -w
  #
  # This perl script prints the information of cataloged DB2 table
  #
  use DBI;
  use DBD::DB2;
  use DBD::DB2::Constants;

  $dsn = 'dbi:DB2:SAMPLE';
  $uid = 'henry';
  $pwd = 'happyday';

  # Connect to the SAMPLE database
  $dbh = DBI->connect( $dsn, $uid, $pwd ) || die "$DBI::errstr";

  # Get the tables for schema HENRY
  $sth = $dbh->table_info( { 'TABLE_CSHEM' => "HENRY" } );

  $table_counter = 0;
  while ( @row = $sth->fetchrow_array )
  {
  $catalog = $row[0];
  $schema = $row[1];
  $table = $row[2];

  $table_counter++;
  printf( "Table %d %s ", $table_counter, $table );

  # Now get the column information for this table
  $sth_col = $dbh->column_info( $catalog, $schema, $table, '%' );
  if( $sth_col )
  {
  while( @row_col = $sth_col->fetchrow_array )
  {
  # @row_col has a lot more information. I'll just take
  # these three fields as an example
  $column_name = $row_col[3];
  $type_name = $row_col[5];
  $column_size = $row_col[6];

  printf( " %-24s%s(%s) ", $column_name, $type_name, $column_size );
  }

  $sth_col->finish();
  }
  }

  $sth->finish();
  $dbh->disconnect;
  -------------------END----------------------

  (4)执行SQL
  ----------executesql.pl--------------------------
  #!/usr/lib/perl -w
  #
  # This perl script manipulate DB2 table
  #
  use DBI;
  use DBD::DB2;
  use DBD::DB2::Constants;

  $dsn = 'dbi:DB2:SAMPLE';
  $uid = 'henry';
  $pwd = 'happyday';

  # Connect to the SAMPLE database
  $dbh = DBI->connect( $dsn, $uid, $pwd ) || die "$DBI::errstr";

  # Prepare our insert statement
  $sth = $dbh->prepare( "INSERT INTO sales VALUES('2005-06-25', 'Tom', 'Beijing', 15)");
  $sth->execute();
  $sth->finish();
  $dbh->disconnect;
  -------------------END----------------------

  本文是摘抄杂志里的一文,原作者Michael Hoy & Grant Hutchison
  原文参见http://www.db2mag.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=59301551

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