Oracle的SQL优化一

Oracle的SQL优化一

两个SCHEMA，开发反馈数据量相差无几，但一模一样的SQL，A Schema要跑6分钟，B Schema只5秒就出来了。SQL语句如下：

SELECT *
FROM (SELECT A.*, ROWNUM RN
FROM (select t3.check_show,
t1.*,
t2.storesid,
to_char(rdate, 'yyyy-mm-dd') as to_rdate,
to_char(submitdate, 'yyyy-mm-dd') as to_submitdate,
to_char(expected_shipdate, 'yyyy-mm-dd') as to_expected_shipdate,
to_char(expected_shipdate, 'yyyy-mm-dd') as to_expected_shipdate2,
to_char(billingdate, 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') as to_billingdate,
to_char(dealtotal, 'fm9999999990.00') as to_dealtotal,
(nvl(cashreceiptssum, 0) + nvl(received, 0)) as to_cashreceiptssum,
to_char((nvl(debtsum, 0) - nvl(received, 0)),
'fm9999999990.00') to_debtsum,
nvl(amounttotal, 0) as to_amounttotal,
(select a.reduce_points
from SchemaB.m_mempoint_logs a
where a.billno = t1.billno
and a.billtype = 4) as reduce_points
from SchemaB.v0bill t1,
SchemaB.tbl_stores t2,
SchemaB.TBL_BILL_CHECKSTATE_SHOW t3
where ((posbillno is not null and BCOMPLETE = 1) or
posbillno is null)
and t1.StoreRoomID = t2.storesid
and t1.billsubcase = t3.billsubcase
and t1.check_status = t3.check_status
and (instoreroomid in
(select storesid
from SchemaB.tbl_user_stores
where employeeid = 4352) or
outstoreroomid in
(select storesid
from SchemaB.tbl_user_stores
where employeeid = 4352))
and servicStatus = 1
and rdate >= to_date('2015-06-04', 'yyyy-mm-dd')
and rdate <=
to_date('2015-06-11 23:59:59', 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')
and (t1.billsubcase = '75' or t1.billsubcase = '711' or
(instoreroomid in
(select storesid
from SchemaB.tbl_stores
where areacode like '001%') or
outstoreroomid in
(select storesid
from SchemaB.tbl_stores
where areacode like '001%')))
ORDER by rdate desc, billingdate desc, billno desc) A
WHERE ROWNUM <= (1 * 20))
WHERE RN > ((1 - 1) * 20);

B Schema的执行计划：

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes |TempSpc| Cost (%CPU)| Time | Pstart| Pstop |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 20 | 152K| | 16718 (1)| 00:03:21 | | |
| 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY GLOBAL INDEX ROWID | TBL_BILL | 1 | 25 | | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | ROWID | ROWID |
|* 2 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | XPK_BILL_P | 1 | | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 3 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID | M_MEMPOINT_LOGS | 1 | 24 | | 4 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 4 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | IDX_MEMPOINT_LOGS_BILLNO | 1 | | | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 5 | VIEW | | 20 | 152K| | 16718 (1)| 00:03:21 | | |
|* 6 | COUNT STOPKEY | | | | | | | | |
| 7 | VIEW | | 917 | 6989K| | 16718 (1)| 00:03:21 | | |
|* 8 | SORT ORDER BY STOPKEY | | 917 | 522K| 57M| 16718 (1)| 00:03:21 | | |
|* 9 | FILTER | | | | | | | | |
|* 10 | HASH JOIN | | 96250 | 53M| | 4844 (1)| 00:00:59 | | |
| 11 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | TBL_BILL_CHECKSTATE_SHOW | 200 | 9600 | | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 12 | HASH JOIN | | 57750 | 29M| | 4840 (1)| 00:00:59 | | |
| 13 | INDEX FULL SCAN | XPK_TBL_STORES | 85 | 340 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 14 | HASH JOIN RIGHT OUTER | | 57750 | 29M| | 4838 (1)| 00:00:59 | | |
| 15 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | TBL_STORES | 85 | 2550 | | 4 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 16 | HASH JOIN RIGHT OUTER | | 57750 | 27M| | 4834 (1)| 00:00:59 | | |
| 17 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | TBL_STORES | 85 | 2550 | | 4 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 18 | HASH JOIN RIGHT OUTER | | 57750 | 25M| 4200K| 4829 (1)| 00:00:58 | | |
| 19 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | M_MEMDETAIL | 89469 | 3145K| | 380 (1)| 00:00:05 | | |
|* 20 | HASH JOIN RIGHT OUTER | | 57750 | 24M| | 3020 (1)| 00:00:37 | | |
| 21 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | TBL_BILLCASE | 40 | 840 | | 4 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 22 | HASH JOIN RIGHT OUTER | | 57750 | 22M| 3176K| 3015 (1)| 00:00:37 | | |
| 23 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | M_MEMDETAILCARD | 90213 | 2114K| | 310 (1)| 00:00:04 | | |
|* 24 | HASH JOIN RIGHT OUTER | | 57750 | 21M| | 1450 (1)| 00:00:18 | | |
| 25 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | TBL_CUSTOM | 537 | 17184 | | 6 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 26 | HASH JOIN RIGHT OUTER | | 57750 | 19M| | 1443 (1)| 00:00:18 | | |
| 27 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | TBL_BUSINESS_TYPE | 38 | 760 | | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
| 28 | PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR| | 57750 | 18M| | 1439 (1)| 00:00:18 | 181 | 180 |
|* 29 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | TBL_BILL | 57750 | 18M| | 1439 (1)| 00:00:18 | 181 | 180 |
|* 30 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | TBL_USER_STORES | 1 | 8 | | 7 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 31 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | TBL_USER_STORES | 1 | 8 | | 7 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 32 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID | TBL_STORES | 1 | 12 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 33 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | XPK_TBL_STORES | 1 | | | 0 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 34 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID | TBL_STORES | 1 | 12 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 35 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | XPK_TBL_STORES | 1 | | | 0 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

在B schema执行该SQL耗费1万多次逻辑读。

A Schema的执行计划：

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes |TempSpc| Cost (%CPU)| Time | Pstart| Pstop |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 20 | 152K| | 50624 (1)| 00:10:08 | | |
| 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY GLOBAL INDEX ROWID | TBL_BILL | 1 | 31 | | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | ROWID | ROWID |
|* 2 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | XPK_BILL_P | 1 | | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 3 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID | M_MEMPOINT_LOGS | 1 | 47 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 4 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | IDX_MEMPOINT_LOGS_BILLNO | 1 | | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 5 | VIEW | | 20 | 152K| | 50624 (1)| 00:10:08 | | |
|* 6 | COUNT STOPKEY | | | | | | | | |
| 7 | VIEW | | 3600 | 26M| | 50624 (1)| 00:10:08 | | |
|* 8 | SORT ORDER BY STOPKEY | | 3600 | 2000K| 210M| 50624 (1)| 00:10:08 | | |
|* 9 | FILTER | | | | | | | | |
|* 10 | HASH JOIN | | 378K| 205M| | 5203 (1)| 00:01:03 | | |
| 11 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | TBL_BILL_CHECKSTATE_SHOW | 200 | 9600 | | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 12 | HASH JOIN | | 151K| 75M| | 5199 (1)| 00:01:03 | | |
| 13 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | XPK_TBL_STORES | 616 | 3080 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 14 | HASH JOIN RIGHT OUTER | | 151K| 74M| | 5196 (1)| 00:01:03 | | |
| 15 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | TBL_STORES | 616 | 20944 | | 8 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 16 | HASH JOIN RIGHT OUTER | | 151K| 69M| | 5187 (1)| 00:01:03 | | |
| 17 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | TBL_STORES | 616 | 20944 | | 8 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 18 | HASH JOIN RIGHT OUTER | | 151K| 64M| | 5178 (1)| 00:01:03 | | |
| 19 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | TBL_CUSTOM | 93 | 2139 | | 4 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 20 | HASH JOIN RIGHT OUTER | | 151K| 61M| | 5173 (1)| 00:01:03 | | |
| 21 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | TBL_BILLCASE | 40 | 800 | | 4 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 22 | HASH JOIN RIGHT OUTER | | 151K| 58M| | 5168 (1)| 00:01:03 | | |
| 23 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | TBL_BUSINESS_TYPE | 33 | 660 | | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 24 | HASH JOIN RIGHT OUTER | | 151K| 55M| | 5164 (1)| 00:01:02 | | |
| 25 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | M_MEMDETAIL | 5 | 120 | | 4 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
| 26 | NESTED LOOPS OUTER | | 151K| 52M| | 5159 (1)| 00:01:02 | | |
| 27 | PARTITION RANGE ITERATOR | | 151K| 50M| | 5158 (1)| 00:01:02 | 181 | 180 |
|* 28 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | TBL_BILL | 151K| 50M| | 5158 (1)| 00:01:02 | 181 | 180 |
| 29 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| M_MEMDETAILCARD | 1 | 14 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 30 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | XPK_TBL_MEMDETAIL | 1 | | | 0 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 31 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | TBL_USER_STORES | 1 | 10 | | 175 (1)| 00:00:03 | | |
|* 32 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | TBL_USER_STORES | 1 | 10 | | 175 (1)| 00:00:03 | | |
|* 33 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID | TBL_STORES | 1 | 18 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 34 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | XPK_TBL_STORES | 1 | | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 35 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID | TBL_STORES | 1 | 18 | | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|* 36 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | XPK_TBL_STORES | 1 | | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
14 recursive calls
0 db block gets
27716859 consistent gets
1 physical reads
0 redo size
16407 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
531 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
3 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
3 sorts (memory)
0 sorts (disk)
20 rows processed

2771万次逻辑读。
在该SQL涉及到的所有表中，TBL_BILL是主要的一张大表，此处对TBL_BILL的访问都做了分区裁剪，两个执行计划的主要差异是A SCHEMA以TBL_BILL为驱动表进行NESTED LOOPS OUTER，
而B Schema则以TBL_BUSINESS_TYPE表作为驱动表对TBL_BILL进行HASH JOIN，怀疑是因为A走了错误的执行计划导致，于是使用hint使A对TBL_BILL走HASH JOIN，发现没有任何改善，
于是看看时间具体消耗在哪：

SELECT /*+gather_plan_statistics */ *
FROM (SELECT A.*, ROWNUM RN
FROM (select
t3.check_show,
t1.*,
t2.storesid,
to_char(rdate, 'yyyy-mm-dd') as to_rdate,
to_char(submitdate, 'yyyy-mm-dd') as to_submitdate,
to_char(expected_shipdate, 'yyyy-mm-dd') as to_expected_shipdate,
to_char(expected_shipdate, 'yyyy-mm-dd') as to_expected_shipdate2,
to_char(billingdate, 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') as to_billingdate,
to_char(dealtotal, 'fm9999999990.00') as to_dealtotal,
(nvl(cashreceiptssum, 0) + nvl(received, 0)) as to_cashreceiptssum,
to_char((nvl(debtsum, 0) - nvl(received, 0)),
'fm9999999990.00') to_debtsum,
nvl(amounttotal, 0) as to_amounttotal,
t4.reduce_points
from SchemaA.v0bill t1,
SchemaA.tbl_stores t2
,SchemaA.TBL_BILL_CHECKSTATE_SHOW t3,
SchemaA.m_mempoint_logs t4
where ((posbillno is not null and BCOMPLETE = 1) or
posbillno is null)
and t1.StoreRoomID = t2.storesid
and t1.billsubcase = t3.billsubcase
and t1.check_status = t3.check_status
and (instoreroomid in
(select storesid
from SchemaA.tbl_user_stores
where employeeid = 3945) or
outstoreroomid in
(select storesid
from SchemaA.tbl_user_stores
where employeeid = 3945))
and servicStatus = 1
and rdate >= to_date('2015-06-04', 'yyyy-mm-dd')
and rdate <=
to_date('2015-06-11 23:59:59', 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')
and (t1.billsubcase in ('75' ,'711') or
(instoreroomid in
(select storesid
from SchemaA.tbl_stores
where areacode like '001022%') or
outstoreroomid in
(select storesid
from SchemaA.tbl_stores
where areacode like '001022%')))
and t1.billno=t4.billno(+)
and T4.billtype (+)= 4
ORDER by rdate desc, billingdate desc, t1.billno desc) A
WHERE ROWNUM <= (1 * 20))
WHERE RN > ((1 - 1)* 20);

发现主要时间都消耗在对TBL_USER_STORES上（对该表会有2次filter操作（全表扫描），占总耗时的99%），如下图：

再看看2家企业该表（TBL_USER_STORES）的数据量不是一个量级，如下：

A Schema记录数：136057

B Schema记录数：7439

原来这就是原因所在了，于是优化表TBL_USER_STORES的访问路径，创建一个组合索引：

create index SchemaA.i_TBL_USER_STORESon SchemaA.TBL_USER_STORES(employeeid,storesid);

创建索引后，在SchemaA上执行该SQL，执行时长在3秒以内: