HBase（五）HBase的API操作，
https://www.cnblogs.com/frankdeng/p/9310209.html
一、项目环境搭建
新建 Maven Project，新建项目后在 pom.xml 中添加依赖：
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org.apache.hbase
hbase-server
1.2.6
org.apache.hbase
hbase-client
1.2.6
jdk.tools
jdk.tools
1.8
system
${JAVA_HOME}/lib/tools.jar
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二、HBase API操作表和数据
注意，这部分的学习内容，我们先学习使用老版本的 API，接着再写出新版本的 API 调用方式。因为在企业中，有些时候我们需要一些过时的 API 来提供更好的兼容性。
1、获取Configuration对象
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public static Configuration conf;
static{
//使用 HBaseConfiguration 的单例方法实例化
conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
conf.set(“hbase.zookeeper.quorum”, “node21,node22,node23”);
conf.set(“hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort”, “2181”);
}
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2) 判断表是否存在：
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public static boolean isTableExist(String tableName) throws MasterNotRunningException, ZooKeeperConnectionException, IOException{
//在HBase中管理、访问表需要先创建 HBaseAdmin 对象
//Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
//HBaseAdmin admin = (HBaseAdmin) connection.getAdmin();
HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
return admin.tableExists(tableName);
}
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3) 创建表
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public static void createTable(String tableName, String… columnFamily) throws MasterNotRunningException, ZooKeeperConnectionException, IOException{
HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
//判断表是否存在
if(isTableExist(tableName)){
System.out.println(“表” + tableName + “已存在”);
//System.exit(0);
}else{
//创建表属性对象,表名需要转字节
HTableDescriptor descriptor = new HTableDescriptor(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
//创建多个列族
for(String cf : columnFamily){
descriptor.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(cf));
}
//根据对表的配置，创建表
admin.createTable(descriptor);
System.out.println(“表” + tableName + “创建成功！”);
}
}
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4) 删除表
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public static void dropTable(String tableName) throws MasterNotRunningException, ZooKeeperConnectionException, IOException{
HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
if(isTableExist(tableName)){
admin.disableTable(tableName);
admin.deleteTable(tableName);
System.out.println(“表” + tableName + “删除成功！”);
}else{
System.out.println(“表” + tableName + “不存在！”);
}
}
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5) 向表中插入数据
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public static void addRowData(String tableName, String rowKey, String columnFamily, String column, String value) throws IOException{
//创建 HTable 对象
HTable hTable = new HTable(conf, tableName);
//向表中插入数据
Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
//向 Put 对象中组装数据
put.add(Bytes.toBytes(columnFamily),
Bytes.toBytes(column),
Bytes.toBytes(value));
hTable.put(put);
hTable.close();
System.out.println(“插入数据成功”);
}
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6) 删除多行数据
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public static void deleteMultiRow(String tableName, String… rows) throws IOException{
HTable hTable = new HTable(conf, tableName);
List deleteList = new ArrayList();
for(String row : rows){
Delete delete = new Delete(Bytes.toBytes(row));
deleteList.add(delete);
}
hTable.delete(deleteList);
hTable.close();
}
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7) 得到所有数据
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public static void getAllRows(String tableName) throws IOException{
HTable hTable = new HTable(conf, tableName);
//得到用于扫描 region 的对象
Scan scan = new Scan();
//使用 HTable 得到 resultcanner 实现类的对象
ResultScanner resultScanner = hTable.getScanner(scan);
for(Result result : resultScanner){
Cell[] cells = result.rawCells();
for(Cell cell : cells){
//得到 rowkey
System.out.println(“行键:” + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell)));
//得到列族
System.out.println(“列族” + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell)));
System.out.println(“列:” + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell)));
System.out.println(“值:” + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)));
}
}
}
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8) 得到某一行所有数据
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public static void getRow(String tableName, String rowKey) throws IOException{
HTable table = new HTable(conf, tableName);
Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
//get.setMaxVersions();显示所有版本
//get.setTimeStamp();显示指定时间戳的版本
Result result = table.get(get);
for(Cell cell : result.rawCells()){
System.out.println(“行键:” + Bytes.toString(result.getRow()));
System.out.println(“列族” + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell)));
System.out.println(“列:” + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell)));
System.out.println(“值:” + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)));
System.out.println(“时间戳:” + cell.getTimestamp());
}
}
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9) 获取某一行指定“列族:列”的数据
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public static void getRowQualifier(String tableName, String rowKey, String family, String qualifier) throws IOException{
HTable table = new HTable(conf, tableName);
Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(family), Bytes.toBytes(qualifier));
Result result = table.get(get);
for(Cell cell : result.rawCells()){
System.out.println(“行键:” + Bytes.toString(result.getRow()));
System.out.println(“列族” + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell)));
System.out.println(“列:” + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell)));
System.out.println(“值:” + Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)));
}
}
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import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Date;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Delete;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Get;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Table;
import com.study.hbase.service.HBaseUtils;
public class HBaseUtilsImpl implements HBaseUtils {
private static final String ZK_CONNECT_KEY = "hbase.zookeeper.quorum";
private static final String ZK_CONNECT_VALUE = "node21:2181,node22:2181,node23:2181";
private static Connection conn = null;
private static Admin admin = null;
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
getConnection();
getAdmin();
HBaseUtilsImpl hbu = new HBaseUtilsImpl();
//hbu.getAllTables();
//hbu.descTable("people");
//String[] infos = {"info","family"};
//hbu.createTable("people", infos);
//String[] add = {"cs1","cs2"};
//String[] remove = {"cf1","cf2"};
//HColumnDescriptor hc = new HColumnDescriptor("sixsixsix");
//hbu.modifyTable("stu",hc);
//hbu.getAllTables();
hbu.putData("huoying", "rk001", "cs2", "name", "aobama",new Date().getTime());
hbu.getAllTables();
conn.close();
}
// 获取连接
public static Connection getConnection() {
// 创建一个可以用来管理hbase配置信息的conf对象
Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
// 设置当前的程序去寻找的hbase在哪里
conf.set(ZK_CONNECT_KEY, ZK_CONNECT_VALUE);
try {
conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return conn;
}
// 获取管理员对象
public static Admin getAdmin() {
try {
admin = conn.getAdmin();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return admin;
}
// 查询所有表
@Override
public void getAllTables() throws Exception {
//获取列簇的描述信息
HTableDescriptor[] listTables = admin.listTables();
for (HTableDescriptor listTable : listTables) {
//转化为表名
String tbName = listTable.getNameAsString();
//获取列的描述信息
HColumnDescriptor[] columnFamilies = listTable.getColumnFamilies();
System.out.println("tableName:"+tbName);
for(HColumnDescriptor columnFamilie : columnFamilies) {
//获取列簇的名字
String columnFamilyName = columnFamilie.getNameAsString();
System.out.print("\t"+"columnFamilyName:"+columnFamilyName);
}
System.out.println();
}
}
// 创建表，传参，表名和列簇的名字
@Override
public void createTable(String tableName, String[] family) throws Exception {
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
//判断表是否存在
if(admin.tableExists(name)) {
System.out.println("table已经存在！");
}else {
//表的列簇示例
HTableDescriptor htd = new HTableDescriptor(name);
//向列簇中添加列的信息
for(String str : family) {
HColumnDescriptor hcd = new HColumnDescriptor(str);
htd.addFamily(hcd);
}
//创建表
admin.createTable(htd);
//判断表是否创建成功
if(admin.tableExists(name)) {
System.out.println("table创建成功");
}else {
System.out.println("table创建失败");
}
}
}
// 创建表，传参:封装好的多个列簇
@Override
public void createTable(HTableDescriptor htds) throws Exception {
//获得表的名字
String tbName = htds.getNameAsString();
admin.createTable(htds);
}
// 创建表，传参，表名和封装好的多个列簇
@Override
public void createTable(String tableName, HTableDescriptor htds) throws Exception {
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
if(admin.tableExists(name)) {
System.out.println("table已经存在！");
}else {
admin.createTable(htds);
boolean flag = admin.tableExists(name);
System.out.println(flag ? "创建成功" : "创建失败");
}
}
// 查看表的列簇属性
@Override
public void descTable(String tableName) throws Exception {
//转化为表名
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
//判断表是否存在
if(admin.tableExists(name)) {
//获取表中列簇的描述信息
HTableDescriptor tableDescriptor = admin.getTableDescriptor(name);
//获取列簇中列的信息
HColumnDescriptor[] columnFamilies = tableDescriptor.getColumnFamilies();
for(HColumnDescriptor columnFamily : columnFamilies) {
System.out.println(columnFamily);
}
}else {
System.out.println("table不存在");
}
}
// 判断表存在不存在
@Override
public boolean existTable(String tableName) throws Exception {
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
return admin.tableExists(name);
}
// disable表
@Override
public void disableTable(String tableName) throws Exception {
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
if(admin.tableExists(name)) {
if(admin.isTableEnabled(name)) {
admin.disableTable(name);
}else {
System.out.println("table不是活动状态");
}
}else {
System.out.println("table不存在");
}
}
// drop表
@Override
public void dropTable(String tableName) throws Exception {
//转化为表名
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
//判断表是否存在
if(admin.tableExists(name)) {
//判断表是否处于可用状态
boolean tableEnabled = admin.isTableEnabled(name);
if(tableEnabled) {
//使表变成不可用状态
admin.disableTable(name);
}
//删除表
admin.deleteTable(name);
//判断表是否存在
if(admin.tableExists(name)) {
System.out.println("删除失败");
}else {
System.out.println("删除成功");
}
}else {
System.out.println("table不存在");
}
}
// 修改表(增加和删除)
@Override
public void modifyTable(String tableName) throws Exception {
//转化为表名
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
//判断表是否存在
if(admin.tableExists(name)) {
//判断表是否可用状态
boolean tableEnabled = admin.isTableEnabled(name);
if(tableEnabled) {
//使表变成不可用
admin.disableTable(name);
}
//根据表名得到表
HTableDescriptor tableDescriptor = admin.getTableDescriptor(name);
//创建列簇结构对象
HColumnDescriptor columnFamily1 = new HColumnDescriptor("cf1".getBytes());
HColumnDescriptor columnFamily2 = new HColumnDescriptor("cf2".getBytes());
tableDescriptor.addFamily(columnFamily1);
tableDescriptor.addFamily(columnFamily2);
//替换该表所有的列簇
admin.modifyTable(name, tableDescriptor);
}else {
System.out.println("table不存在");
}
}
// 修改表(增加和删除)
@Override
public void modifyTable(String tableName, String[] addColumn, String[] removeColumn) throws Exception {
//转化为表名
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
//判断表是否存在
if(admin.tableExists(name)) {
//判断表是否可用状态
boolean tableEnabled = admin.isTableEnabled(name);
if(tableEnabled) {
//使表变成不可用
admin.disableTable(name);
}
//根据表名得到表
HTableDescriptor tableDescriptor = admin.getTableDescriptor(name);
//创建列簇结构对象，添加列
for(String add : addColumn) {
HColumnDescriptor addColumnDescriptor = new HColumnDescriptor(add);
tableDescriptor.addFamily(addColumnDescriptor);
}
//创建列簇结构对象，删除列
for(String remove : removeColumn) {
HColumnDescriptor removeColumnDescriptor = new HColumnDescriptor(remove);
tableDescriptor.removeFamily(removeColumnDescriptor.getName());
}
admin.modifyTable(name, tableDescriptor);
}else {
System.out.println("table不存在");
}
}
@Override
public void modifyTable(String tableName, HColumnDescriptor hcds) throws Exception {
//转化为表名
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
//根据表名得到表
HTableDescriptor tableDescriptor = admin.getTableDescriptor(name);
//获取表中所有的列簇信息
HColumnDescriptor[] columnFamilies = tableDescriptor.getColumnFamilies();
boolean flag = false;
//判断参数中传入的列簇是否已经在表中存在
for(HColumnDescriptor columnFamily : columnFamilies) {
if(columnFamily.equals(hcds)) {
flag = true;
}
}
//存在提示，不存在直接添加该列簇信息
if(flag) {
System.out.println("该列簇已经存在");
}else {
tableDescriptor.addFamily(hcds);
admin.modifyTable(name, tableDescriptor);
}
}
/**添加数据
*tableName: 表明
*rowKey: 行键
*familyName:列簇
*columnName:列名
*value: 值
*/
@Override
public void putData(String tableName, String rowKey, String familyName, String columnName, String value)
throws Exception {
//转化为表名
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
//添加数据之前先判断表是否存在，不存在的话先创建表
if(admin.tableExists(name)) {
}else {
//根据表明创建表结构
HTableDescriptor tableDescriptor = new HTableDescriptor(name);
//定义列簇的名字
HColumnDescriptor columnFamilyName = new HColumnDescriptor(familyName);
tableDescriptor.addFamily(columnFamilyName);
admin.createTable(tableDescriptor);
}
Table table = conn.getTable(name);
Put put = new Put(rowKey.getBytes());
put.addColumn(familyName.getBytes(), columnName.getBytes(), value.getBytes());
table.put(put);
}
@Override
public void putData(String tableName, String rowKey, String familyName, String columnName, String value,
long timestamp) throws Exception {
// 转化为表名
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
// 添加数据之前先判断表是否存在，不存在的话先创建表
if (admin.tableExists(name)) {
} else {
// 根据表明创建表结构
HTableDescriptor tableDescriptor = new HTableDescriptor(name);
// 定义列簇的名字
HColumnDescriptor columnFamilyName = new HColumnDescriptor(familyName);
tableDescriptor.addFamily(columnFamilyName);
admin.createTable(tableDescriptor);
}
Table table = conn.getTable(name);
Put put = new Put(rowKey.getBytes());
//put.addColumn(familyName.getBytes(), columnName.getBytes(), value.getBytes());
put.addImmutable(familyName.getBytes(), columnName.getBytes(), timestamp, value.getBytes());
table.put(put);
}
// 根据rowkey查询数据
@Override
public Result getResult(String tableName, String rowKey) throws Exception {
Result result;
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
if(admin.tableExists(name)) {
Table table = conn.getTable(name);
Get get = new Get(rowKey.getBytes());
result = table.get(get);
}else {
result = null;
}
return result;
}
// 根据rowkey查询数据
@Override
public Result getResult(String tableName, String rowKey, String familyName) throws Exception {
Result result;
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
if(admin.tableExists(name)) {
Table table = conn.getTable(name);
Get get = new Get(rowKey.getBytes());
get.addFamily(familyName.getBytes());
result = table.get(get);
}else {
result = null;
}
return result;
}
// 根据rowkey查询数据
@Override
public Result getResult(String tableName, String rowKey, String familyName, String columnName) throws Exception {
Result result;
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
if(admin.tableExists(name)) {
Table table = conn.getTable(name);
Get get = new Get(rowKey.getBytes());
get.addColumn(familyName.getBytes(), columnName.getBytes());
result = table.get(get);
}else {
result = null;
}
return result;
}
// 查询指定version
@Override
public Result getResultByVersion(String tableName, String rowKey, String familyName, String columnName,
int versions) throws Exception {
Result result;
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
if(admin.tableExists(name)) {
Table table = conn.getTable(name);
Get get = new Get(rowKey.getBytes());
get.addColumn(familyName.getBytes(), columnName.getBytes());
get.setMaxVersions(versions);
result = table.get(get);
}else {
result = null;
}
return result;
}
// scan全表数据
@Override
public ResultScanner getResultScann(String tableName) throws Exception {
ResultScanner result;
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
if(admin.tableExists(name)) {
Table table = conn.getTable(name);
Scan scan = new Scan();
result = table.getScanner(scan);
}else {
result = null;
}
return result;
}
// scan全表数据
@Override
public ResultScanner getResultScann(String tableName, Scan scan) throws Exception {
ResultScanner result;
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
if(admin.tableExists(name)) {
Table table = conn.getTable(name);
result = table.getScanner(scan);
}else {
result = null;
}
return result;
}
// 删除数据（指定的列）
@Override
public void deleteColumn(String tableName, String rowKey) throws Exception {
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
if(admin.tableExists(name)) {
Table table = conn.getTable(name);
Delete delete = new Delete(rowKey.getBytes());
table.delete(delete);
}else {
System.out.println("table不存在");
}
}
// 删除数据（指定的列）
@Override
public void deleteColumn(String tableName, String rowKey, String falilyName) throws Exception {
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
if(admin.tableExists(name)) {
Table table = conn.getTable(name);
Delete delete = new Delete(rowKey.getBytes());
delete.addFamily(falilyName.getBytes());
table.delete(delete);
}else {
System.out.println("table不存在");
}
}
// 删除数据（指定的列）
@Override
public void deleteColumn(String tableName, String rowKey, String falilyName, String columnName) throws Exception {
TableName name = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
if(admin.tableExists(name)) {
Table table = conn.getTable(name);
Delete delete = new Delete(rowKey.getBytes());
delete.addColumn(falilyName.getBytes(), columnName.getBytes());
table.delete(delete);
}else {
System.out.println("table不存在");
}
}
}
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