Cassandra在Windows上安装及使用方法[转]，cassandrawindows

Cassandra在Windows上安装及使用方法[转]，cassandrawindows

 一、安装 1、安装cassandra     1.1 下载安装程序 在http://cassandra.apache.org/下载Cassandra的安装程序;     1.2 安装配置 1)解压下载后的程序apache-cassandra-0.7.3-bin.tar.gz到某个目录，如d:\cassandra； 2)修改conf目录下配置文件     A)使用记事本打开cassandra.yaml文件，修改如下参数：     data_file_directories:      - /var/lib/cassandra/data     为 - d:\cassandra\data      注意：-后面需要有空格     commitlog_directory: /var/lib/cassandra/commitlog     为：commitlog_directory: d:\cassandra\commitlog     saved_caches_directory: /var/lib/cassandra/saved_caches     为：saved_caches_directory: d:\cassandra\saved_caches   B)使用记事本打开log4j-server.properties文件，修改如下参数：     log4j.appender.R.File=/var/log/cassandra/system.log     为：log4j.appender.R.File=D:\Cassandra\logs 2、安装JRE        2.1 下载安装程序 在http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html上下载jre的安装程序； jre和jdk区别：jre只是java环境，jdk包含了开发工具和jre；     2.2 直接双击执行jre-6u25-windows-i586.exe进行安装，默认安装在C:\Program Files\Java\jre6目录即可； 3、配置环境变量     3.1 打开windows的环境变量配置窗口   鼠标右键点击我的电脑，选择属性，在弹出界面点击【高级】页签，再点击【环境变量】按钮；     3.2 配置JAVA_HOME环境变量 在“系统变量”添加JAVA_HOME，点击【系统变量】下方的【新建】按钮，输入           变量名:JAVA_HOME     变量值:C:\Program Files\Java\jre6     3.3 配置Cassandra_HOME环境变量 在“系统变量”添加Cassandra_HOME，点击【系统变量】下方的【新建】按钮，输入           变量名:Cassandra_HOME     变量值:D:\Cassandra\apache-cassandra-0.7.3 4、启动Cassandra   开始运行中敲入cmd回车打开命令窗口，敲入cd D:\Cassandra\apache-cassandra-0.7.3\bin回车，敲入d:回车，转到D:\Cassandra\apache-cassandra-0.7.3\bin目录后，直接敲入cassandra就可以启动cassandra服务了，如下： D:\Cassandra\apache-cassandra-0.7.3\bin>cassandra Starting Cassandra Server  INFO 09:33:34,375 Logging initialized  INFO 09:33:34,390 Heap size: 1070399488/1070399488  INFO 09:33:34,390 JNA not found. Native methods will be disabled.  INFO 09:33:34,406 Loading settings from file:/D:/Cassandra/apache-cassandra-0.7.3/conf/cassandra.yaml  INFO 09:33:34,562 DiskAccessMode 'auto' determined to be standard, indexAccessMode is standard  INFO 09:33:34,765 Creating new commitlog segment d:\cassandra\commitlog\CommitLog-1306200814765.log  INFO 09:33:34,781 Couldn't detect any schema definitions in local storage.  INFO 09:33:34,781 Found table data in data directories. Consider using JMX to call org.apache.cassandra.service.StorageService.loadSchemaFromYaml().  INFO 09:33:34,796 No commitlog files found; skipping replay  INFO 09:33:34,828 Upgrading to 0.7. Purging hints if there are any. Old hints will be snapshotted.  INFO 09:33:34,828 Cassandra version: 0.7.3  INFO 09:33:34,828 Thrift API version: 19.4.0  INFO 09:33:34,843 Loading persisted ring state  INFO 09:33:34,843 Starting up server gossip  INFO 09:33:34,843 switching in a fresh Memtable for LocationInfo at CommitLogContext(file='d:\cassandra\commitlog\CommitLog-1306200814765.log', position=700) 

 INFO 09:33:34,859 Enqueuing flush of Memtable-LocationInfo@31556811(227 bytes,4 operations)

 INFO 09:33:34,859 Writing Memtable-LocationInfo@31556811(227 bytes, 4 operations)  INFO 09:33:35,656 Completed flushing d:\cassandra\data\system\LocationInfo-f-1-Data.db (335 bytes)  WARN 09:33:35,718 Generated random token 152144483071909207899303400696660552068. Random tokens will result in an unbalanced ring; see http://wiki.apache.org/cassandra/Operations  INFO 09:33:35,718 switching in a fresh Memtable for LocationInfo at CommitLogContext(file='d:\cassandra\commitlog\CommitLog-1306200814765.log', position=996)  INFO 09:33:35,718 Enqueuing flush of Memtable-LocationInfo@22975191(53 bytes, 2operations)  INFO 09:33:35,734 Writing Memtable-LocationInfo@22975191(53 bytes, 2 operations)  INFO 09:33:35,828 Completed flushing d:\cassandra\data\system\LocationInfo-f-2-Data.db (163 bytes)  INFO 09:33:35,843 Will not load MX4J, mx4j-tools.jar is not in the classpath  INFO 09:33:35,890 Binding thrift service to localhost/127.0.0.1:9160  INFO 09:33:35,890 Using TFastFramedTransport with a max frame size of 15728640bytes.  INFO 09:33:35,890 Listening for thrift clients... 二、使用 1、连接Cassandra服务     开始运行中敲入cmd回车进入命令窗口，敲入cd D:\Cassandra\apache-cassandra-0.7.3\bin后，在敲入d:回车转到bin目录中     敲入cassandra-cli命令回车，直接敲入如下命令可以连接到本机已经启动的cassandra数据库 --cassandra默认为9160端口，注意后面需要有;结束 connect localhost/9160; 2、创建keyspace create keyspace keyspace1; use keyspace1; 3、创建column family create column family Standard1 with column_type = 'Standard' and comparator = 'BytesType'; describe keyspace keyspace1; list standard1; drop column family standard1; --必须指定column_type和comparator create column family cf1 with column_type = 'Standard' and comparator = 'BytesType'; create column family cf2 with column_type = 'Standard' and comparator = 'UTF8Type' and rows_cached = 10000; create column family Super1 with column_type=Super and comparator=BytesType; --设置列值 set cf1['key_1']['column_1']='value_1'; set cf1['key_1']['column_2']='value_2'; set cf1['key_2']['column_1']='value_3'; set cf1['key_2']['column_2']='value_4'; --设置列值 set cf2['key_1']['column_1']='value_1'; set cf2['key_1']['column_2']='value_2'; set cf2['key_2']['column_1']='value_3'; set cf2['key_2']['column_2']='value_4'; set super1['key_1']['column_1']='value_1'; get cf2['key_2']['column_2'];  --提示错误Column family Super1 may only contain SuperColumns --取列值 get cf1['key_1']; --计数 count  cf1['key_1']; count  cf1['key_2']; --取列值 get cf1['key_1']['column_1']; --删除列值 del cf1['key_1']['column_1']; list cf2[key_1:]; ---二级索引的使用 1、定义：在Cassandra中，对列值(column values)的索引叫做"二级索引"，它与列簇(column families)中对key的 索引不同。二级索引允许我们对列值进行查询，并且在读取和写入的时候不会引起操作阻塞。 2、使用方法： create keyspace demo; use demo; --注意大小写,索引birth_date create column family users with comparator=UTF8Type and column_metadata= [{column_name:full_name,validation_class:UTF8Type}, {column_name:birth_date,validation_class:LongType,index_type:KEYS}]; --插入数据： set users[a][full_name]='a'; set users[a][birth_date]=1977; set users[b][full_name]='b'; set users[b][birth_date]=1978; set users[c][full_name]='c'; set users[c][birth_date]=1979; set users[d][full_name]='d'; set users[d][birth_date]=1977; --查询birth_date=1977的数据： get users where birth_date=1977; --查询结果如下： [default@demo] get users where birth_date=1977; ------------------- RowKey: a => (column=birth_date, value=1977, timestamp=1306733443578000) => (column=full_name, value=a, timestamp=1306733438406000) ------------------- RowKey: d => (column=birth_date, value=1977, timestamp=1306733577125000) => (column=full_name, value=d, timestamp=1306733572687000) 2 Rows Returned. --多个二级索引使用 set users[a][card_no]='111'; --更新列簇users设置card_no和birth_date都索引 update column family users with comparator=UTF8Type and column_metadata= [{column_name:full_name,validation_class:UTF8Type}, {column_name:birth_date,validation_class:LongType,index_type:KEYS}, {column_name:card_no,validation_class:UTF8Type,index_type:KEYS}]; --查询证件号码为111的列 get users where card_no='111'; get users where card_no='111' and birth_date=1977; --虽然full_name没有索引，但是也能够查出结果 get users where card_no='111' and birth_date=1977 and full_name='a'; get users where card_no='111' and full_name='a'; get users where birth_date=1977 and full_name='a'; --如果仅仅通过full_name查询则出错 get users where full_name='a'; --结果如下： [defualt@demo] get users where full_name='a'; No indexed columns present in index clause with operator EQ --退出 quit;