一次数据文件头不一致恢复，数据头不一致恢复
SYS@orcl11g>alter database datafile 6 online; alter database datafile 6 online * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01113: file 6 needs media recovery ORA-01110: data file 6: '/opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/zbdba01.dbf'有时候我们数据文件offline之后，再online需要介质恢复
SYS@orcl11g>select file#,name,status from v$datafile;
FILE# NAME STATUS
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------
1 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbf SYSTEM
2 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/sysaux01.dbf ONLINE
3 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/undotbs01.dbf ONLINE
4 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/users01.dbf ONLINE
5 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/zbdba.dbf ONLINE
6 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/zbdba01.dbf RECOVER
7 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/test.dbf ONLINE
但是我们归档已经丢失，无法完成介质恢复：
SYS@orcl11g>recover datafile 6;
ORA-00279: change 1986632 generated at 10/28/2014 05:16:11 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL11G/archivelog/2014_10_28/o1_mf_1_74_b4yqrglr_.arc
ORA-00280: change 1986632 for thread 1 is in sequence #74
Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
ORA-00308: cannot open archived log '/opt/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL11G/archivelog/2014_10_28/o1_mf_1_74_b4yqrglr_.arc'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
所以这时候我们直接修改文件头进行online：
[oracle@ogg1 lib]$ bbed parfile=par.txt
Password:
BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Tue Oct 28 05:20:19 2014
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! ***************
BBED>
BBED>
BBED> info all
File# Name Size(blks)
----- ---- ----------
1 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/system01.dbf 0
2 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/sysaux01.dbf 0
3 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/undotbs01.dbf 0
4 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/users01.dbf 0
5 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/zbdba.dbf 0
6 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/zbdba01.dbf 0
7 /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/test.dbf 0
BBED> set file 1 block 1
FILE# 1
BLOCK# 1
BBED> p kcvfhckp
struct kcvfhckp, 36 bytes @484
struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes @484
ub4 kscnbas @484 0x001e526c
ub2 kscnwrp @488 0x0000
ub4 kcvcptim @492 0x3362e202
ub2 kcvcpthr @496 0x0001
union u, 12 bytes @500
struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes @500
ub4 kcrbaseq @500 0x0000004d
ub4 kcrbabno @504 0x000001a6
ub2 kcrbabof @508 0x0010
ub1 kcvcpetb[0] @512 0x02
ub1 kcvcpetb[1] @513 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[2] @514 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[3] @515 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[4] @516 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[5] @517 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[6] @518 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[7] @519 0x00
BBED> p kcvfhcpc
ub4 kcvfhcpc @140 0x000000f9
BBED> p kcvfhccc
ub4 kcvfhccc @148 0x000000f8
BBED> set file 6 block 1
FILE# 6
BLOCK# 1
BBED> p kcvfhckp
struct kcvfhckp, 36 bytes @484
struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes @484
ub4 kscnbas @484 0x001e5048
ub2 kscnwrp @488 0x0000
ub4 kcvcptim @492 0x3362e11b
ub2 kcvcpthr @496 0x0001
union u, 12 bytes @500
struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes @500
ub4 kcrbaseq @500 0x0000004a
ub4 kcrbabno @504 0x00005801
ub2 kcrbabof @508 0x0010
ub1 kcvcpetb[0] @512 0x02
ub1 kcvcpetb[1] @513 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[2] @514 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[3] @515 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[4] @516 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[5] @517 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[6] @518 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[7] @519 0x00
BBED> p kcvfhcpc
ub4 kcvfhcpc @140 0x0000043c
BBED> p kcvfhccc
ub4 kcvfhccc @148 0x0000043b
BBED> modify /x 6c52 offset 484
Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) y
File: /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/zbdba01.dbf (6)
Block: 1 Offsets: 484 to 995 Dba:0x01800001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6c521e00 00000000 1be16233 01000000 4a000000 01580000 10000000 02000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
0d000d00 0d000100 00000000 00000000 00000000 02008001 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> modify /x 02e2 offset 492
File: /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/zbdba01.dbf (6)
Block: 1 Offsets: 492 to 1003 Dba:0x01800001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
02e26233 01000000 4a000000 01580000 10000000 02000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 0d000d00 0d000100
00000000 00000000 00000000 02008001 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> modify /x f900 offset 140
File: /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/zbdba01.dbf (6)
Block: 1 Offsets: 140 to 651 Dba:0x01800001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
f9000000 7fe16233 3b040000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
06000000 05005a42 44424100 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 06000000 00000000 00000000 a3d96233 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 6b946b29 01000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 6c521e00 00000000
02e26233 01000000 4a000000 01580000 10000000 02000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 0d000d00 0d000100
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> modify /x f800 offset 148
File: /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/zbdba01.dbf (6)
Block: 1 Offsets: 148 to 659 Dba:0x01800001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
f8000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 06000000 05005a42
44424100 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 06000000
00000000 00000000 a3d96233 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 6b946b29 01000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 6c521e00 00000000 02e26233 01000000
4a000000 01580000 10000000 02000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 0d000d00 0d000100 00000000 00000000
<32 bytes per line>
BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 6, Block 1:
current = 0x1924, required = 0x1924
BBED> verify
DBVERIFY - Verification starting
FILE = /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/zbdba01.dbf
BLOCK = 1
DBVERIFY - Verification complete
Total Blocks Examined : 1
Total Blocks Processed (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Failing (Data) : 0
Total Blocks Processed (Index): 0
Total Blocks Failing (Index): 0
Total Blocks Empty : 0
Total Blocks Marked Corrupt : 0
Total Blocks Influx : 0
Message 531 not found; product=RDBMS; facility=BBED
BBED> show all
FILE# 6
BLOCK# 1
OFFSET 148
DBA 0x01800001 (25165825 6,1)
FILENAME /opt/oracle/oradata/orcl11g/zbdba01.dbf
BIFILE bifile.bbd
LISTFILE filelist.txt
BLOCKSIZE 8192
MODE Edit
EDIT Unrecoverable
IBASE Dec
OBASE Dec
WIDTH 80
COUNT 512
LOGFILE log.bbd
SPOOL No
BBED> p kcvfhckp
struct kcvfhckp, 36 bytes @484
struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes @484
ub4 kscnbas @484 0x001e526c
ub2 kscnwrp @488 0x0000
ub4 kcvcptim @492 0x3362e202
ub2 kcvcpthr @496 0x0001
union u, 12 bytes @500
struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes @500
ub4 kcrbaseq @500 0x0000004a
ub4 kcrbabno @504 0x00005801
ub2 kcrbabof @508 0x0010
ub1 kcvcpetb[0] @512 0x02
ub1 kcvcpetb[1] @513 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[2] @514 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[3] @515 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[4] @516 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[5] @517 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[6] @518 0x00
ub1 kcvcpetb[7] @519 0x00
BBED> p kcvfhcpc
ub4 kcvfhcpc @140 0x000000f9
BBED> p kcvfhccc
ub4 kcvfhccc @148 0x000000f8
BBED>
修改完成后我们再次恢复该数据文件：
SYS@orcl11g>startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 417546240 bytes Fixed Size 2213936 bytes Variable Size 318769104 bytes Database Buffers 92274688 bytes Redo Buffers 4288512 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SYS@orcl11g>recover datafile 6; Media recovery complete. SYS@orcl11g>alter database datafile 6 online; Database altered.
不是图片很难恢复，是你间隔的时间太长了。首先你的图片文件夹原先在哪个盘放着的？如果在C盘，应该是没有什么希望了，肯定被覆盖过了，因为c盘是系统盘，你即使不写入东西，不下载东西，系统是不断产生一些临时文件的，所以c盘丢失的文件很难找回。如果你放着其他盘，一年之内没往这个盘写过数据的话，还是有希望恢复的，如果你删除的文件夹不在C盘的话，你可以从网上下载一个数据恢复精灵试试，这款软件的恢复能力是相当强的，你可以按文件类型恢复，如果连它也扫描不到你要的文件，多半是被覆盖了，恢复不了了。
easyrecovery有一个默认的设置是不会在被删除盘下恢复，所以无法恢复出来，而磁盘信息储存了被删除的文件，这一次被你读写后文件信息被毁坏，所以可回复量减低，而且easyrecovery本身就只是一个民用的信息恢复软件，其效率本来就不高，一般只能恢复被删除再写入3遍后的源盘，所以就不行了，目前德国除了几个效果更好一点恢复软件，俄罗斯也有，我给你名字，自己搜一下，如果你钱比较多的话可以考虑专业修复，专业修复使用了特种设备，价格大概在3G数据2000元左右，其恢复效果在较理想情况下可以接近军两年前用技术五十次恢复效果。以下是软件名称：Acronis_Backup_and_Recovery、AltDataRecovery，偶尔可以实时Final Data虽然比较老，但是也还行，希望能帮到你。
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