MySQL锁阻塞分析，mysql锁阻塞
日常维护中，经常会碰到线程被阻塞，导致数据库响应非常慢，下面就看看如何获取是哪个线程导致了阻塞的。
blog地址：http://blog.csdn.net/hw_libo/article/details/39080809
1. 环境说明
RHEL 6.4 x86_64 + MySQL 5.6.19事务隔离级别：RR
2. 测试过程
3. 查看锁阻塞线程信息
这里用几中方法进行分析：3.1 使用show processlist查看
MySQL [(none)]> show processlist; +----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+--------------+------------------------------------------+ | Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info | +----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+--------------+------------------------------------------+ | 2 | root | localhost | NULL | Query | 0 | init | show processlist | | 3 | root | localhost | test | Query | 70 | Sending data | select count(*) from t3 a,t3 b | | 4 | root | localhost | test | Query | 65 | updating | delete from emp where empno=7788 | | 7 | root | localhost | test | Query | 68 | updating | update emp set sal=3500 where empno=7788 | +----+------+-----------+------+---------+------+--------------+------------------------------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
如果数据库存在较多线程的话，这种方法确实不太好确认的。
3.2 直接使用show engine innodb status查看
------------ TRANSACTIONS ------------ Trx id counter 4131 Purge done for trx's n:o < 4119 undo n:o < 0 state: running but idle History list length 126 LIST OF TRANSACTIONS FOR EACH SESSION: ---TRANSACTION 0, not started MySQL thread id 2, OS thread handle 0x7f953ffff700, query id 115 localhost root init show engine innodb status ---TRANSACTION 4130, ACTIVE 41 sec starting index read mysql tables in use 1, locked 1 LOCK WAIT 2 lock struct(s), heap size 360, 1 row lock(s) MySQL thread id 4, OS thread handle 0x7f953ff9d700, query id 112 localhost root updating delete from emp where empno=7788 ------- TRX HAS BEEN WAITING 41 SEC FOR THIS LOCK TO BE GRANTED: ## 等待了41s RECORD LOCKS space id 16 page no 3 n bits 88 index `PRIMARY` of table `test`.`emp` trx id 4130 lock_mode X locks rec but not gap waiting Record lock, heap no 9 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 10; compact format; info bits 0 ## 线程4在等待往test.emp中的主键上加X锁，page num=3 0: len 4; hex 80001e6c; asc l;; 1: len 6; hex 000000001018; asc ;; 2: len 7; hex 91000001420084; asc B ;; 3: len 5; hex 53434f5454; asc SCOTT;; 4: len 7; hex 414e414c595354; asc ANALYST;; 5: len 4; hex 80001d8e; asc ;; 6: len 4; hex 208794f0; asc ;; 7: len 4; hex 80000bb8; asc ;; 8: SQL NULL; 9: len 4; hex 80000014; asc ;; ------------------ ---TRANSACTION 4129, ACTIVE 45 sec starting index read mysql tables in use 1, locked 1 LOCK WAIT 2 lock struct(s), heap size 360, 1 row lock(s) MySQL thread id 7, OS thread handle 0x7f953ff6c700, query id 111 localhost root updating update emp set sal=3500 where empno=7788 ------- TRX HAS BEEN WAITING 45 SEC FOR THIS LOCK TO BE GRANTED: ## 等待了45s RECORD LOCKS space id 16 page no 3 n bits 88 index `PRIMARY` of table `test`.`emp` trx id 4129 lock_mode X locks rec but not gap waiting Record lock, heap no 9 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 10; compact format; info bits 0 ## 线程7在等待往test.emp中的主键上加X锁，page num=3 0: len 4; hex 80001e6c; asc l;; 1: len 6; hex 000000001018; asc ;; 2: len 7; hex 91000001420084; asc B ;; 3: len 5; hex 53434f5454; asc SCOTT;; 4: len 7; hex 414e414c595354; asc ANALYST;; 5: len 4; hex 80001d8e; asc ;; 6: len 4; hex 208794f0; asc ;; 7: len 4; hex 80000bb8; asc ;; 8: SQL NULL; 9: len 4; hex 80000014; asc ;; ------------------ ---TRANSACTION 4128, ACTIVE 51 sec 2 lock struct(s), heap size 360, 1 row lock(s) MySQL thread id 3, OS thread handle 0x7f953ffce700, query id 110 localhost root cleaning up
我们知道，主要根因还是thread=3引起的，但从innodb status中却无法分析得到这个结果。
从上面来看，线程4和线程7都在等待往test.emp中的主键上加X锁，page num=3，但是线程7等待的时间为45s，而线程4等待的时间为41s，是较线程7之后申请的锁，所以可以判断是线程7阻塞了线程4。至于线程7为什么出现等待，这里分析不到根因。
3.3 使用mysqladmin debug查看
# mysqladmin -S /tmp/mysql3306.sock debug
然后在error日志中，会看到：
Thread database.table_name Locked/Waiting Lock_type 3 test.t3 Locked - read Low priority read lock 7 test.emp Locked - write High priority write lock
这种方法中，能找到线程ID=3和7是阻塞者，但还是不太准确，判断不出来线程7也是被线程ID=3阻塞的。
3.4 使用innodb_lock_monitor来获取阻塞锁线程
MySQL [test]> CREATE TABLE innodb_lock_monitor (a INT) ENGINE=INNODB; ## 随便在一个数据库中创建这个表，就会打开lock monitor Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.07 sec) MySQL [test]> show warnings\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Level: Warning Code: 131 Message: Using the table name innodb_lock_monitor to enable diagnostic output is deprecated and may be removed in future releases. Use INFORMATION_SCHEMA or PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA tables or SET GLOBAL innodb_status_output=ON. 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
说明：这个在5.6中有一个warning，但不影响使用。
然后再使用show engine innodb status查看：
------------ TRANSACTIONS ------------ Trx id counter 4667 Purge done for trx's n:o < 4659 undo n:o < 0 state: running but idle History list length 138 LIST OF TRANSACTIONS FOR EACH SESSION: ---TRANSACTION 0, not started MySQL thread id 9, OS thread handle 0x7f813c5f7700, query id 152 localhost root init show engine innodb status ---TRANSACTION 4663, ACTIVE 78 sec starting index read mysql tables in use 1, locked 1 LOCK WAIT 2 lock struct(s), heap size 360, 1 row lock(s) MySQL thread id 4, OS thread handle 0x7f813c628700, query id 149 localhost root updating delete from emp where empno=7788 ------- TRX HAS BEEN WAITING 78 SEC FOR THIS LOCK TO BE GRANTED: ## 等待了78s RECORD LOCKS space id 16 page no 3 n bits 88 index `PRIMARY` of table `test`.`emp` trx id 4663 lock_mode X locks rec but not gap waiting Record lock, heap no 9 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 10; compact format; info bits 0 ## 线程4在等待往test.emp中的主键上加X锁，page num=3 0: len 4; hex 80001e6c; asc l;; 1: len 6; hex 000000001018; asc ;; 2: len 7; hex 91000001420084; asc B ;; 3: len 5; hex 53434f5454; asc SCOTT;; 4: len 7; hex 414e414c595354; asc ANALYST;; 5: len 4; hex 80001d8e; asc ;; 6: len 4; hex 208794f0; asc ;; 7: len 4; hex 80000bb8; asc ;; 8: SQL NULL; 9: len 4; hex 80000014; asc ;; ------------------ TABLE LOCK table `test`.`emp` trx id 4663 lock mode IX ## 在给主键行上加X锁之前，先要在表上加意向锁IX RECORD LOCKS space id 16 page no 3 n bits 88 index `PRIMARY` of table `test`.`emp` trx id 4663 lock_mode X locks rec but not gap waiting Record lock, heap no 9 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 10; compact format; info bits 0 0: len 4; hex 80001e6c; asc l;; 1: len 6; hex 000000001018; asc ;; 2: len 7; hex 91000001420084; asc B ;; 3: len 5; hex 53434f5454; asc SCOTT;; 4: len 7; hex 414e414c595354; asc ANALYST;; 5: len 4; hex 80001d8e; asc ;; 6: len 4; hex 208794f0; asc ;; 7: len 4; hex 80000bb8; asc ;; 8: SQL NULL; 9: len 4; hex 80000014; asc ;; ---TRANSACTION 4662, ACTIVE 81 sec starting index read mysql tables in use 1, locked 1 LOCK WAIT 2 lock struct(s), heap size 360, 1 row lock(s) MySQL thread id 7, OS thread handle 0x7f813c5c6700, query id 148 localhost root updating update emp set sal=3500 where empno=7788 ------- TRX HAS BEEN WAITING 81 SEC FOR THIS LOCK TO BE GRANTED: ## 等待了81s RECORD LOCKS space id 16 page no 3 n bits 88 index `PRIMARY` of table `test`.`emp` trx id 4662 lock_mode X locks rec but not gap waiting Record lock, heap no 9 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 10; compact format; info bits 0 ## 线程7在等待往test.emp中的主键上加X锁，page num=3 0: len 4; hex 80001e6c; asc l;; 1: len 6; hex 000000001018; asc ;; 2: len 7; hex 91000001420084; asc B ;; 3: len 5; hex 53434f5454; asc SCOTT;; 4: len 7; hex 414e414c595354; asc ANALYST;; 5: len 4; hex 80001d8e; asc ;; 6: len 4; hex 208794f0; asc ;; 7: len 4; hex 80000bb8; asc ;; 8: SQL NULL; 9: len 4; hex 80000014; asc ;; ------------------ TABLE LOCK table `test`.`emp` trx id 4662 lock mode IX ## 在给主键行上加X锁之前，先要在表上加意向锁IX RECORD LOCKS space id 16 page no 3 n bits 88 index `PRIMARY` of table `test`.`emp` trx id 4662 lock_mode X locks rec but not gap waiting Record lock, heap no 9 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 10; compact format; info bits 0 0: len 4; hex 80001e6c; asc l;; 1: len 6; hex 000000001018; asc ;; 2: len 7; hex 91000001420084; asc B ;; 3: len 5; hex 53434f5454; asc SCOTT;; 4: len 7; hex 414e414c595354; asc ANALYST;; 5: len 4; hex 80001d8e; asc ;; 6: len 4; hex 208794f0; asc ;; 7: len 4; hex 80000bb8; asc ;; 8: SQL NULL; 9: len 4; hex 80000014; asc ;; ---TRANSACTION 4615, ACTIVE 1579 sec, thread declared inside InnoDB 1222 mysql tables in use 2, locked 0 2 lock struct(s), heap size 360, 1 row lock(s) MySQL thread id 3, OS thread handle 0x7f813c659700, query id 147 localhost root Sending data select count(*) from t3 a,t3 b ## 这是线程3当前正在执行的SQL Trx read view will not see trx with id >= 4662, sees < 4659 TABLE LOCK table `test`.`emp` trx id 4615 lock mode IX ## 线程3中正在拥有表上的意向IX锁，并且有test.emp表上主键的行级X锁，page num=3 RECORD LOCKS space id 16 page no 3 n bits 88 index `PRIMARY` of table `test`.`emp` trx id 4615 lock_mode X locks rec but not gap Record lock, heap no 9 PHYSICAL RECORD: n_fields 10; compact format; info bits 0 0: len 4; hex 80001e6c; asc l;; 1: len 6; hex 000000001018; asc ;; 2: len 7; hex 91000001420084; asc B ;; 3: len 5; hex 53434f5454; asc SCOTT;; 4: len 7; hex 414e414c595354; asc ANALYST;; 5: len 4; hex 80001d8e; asc ;; 6: len 4; hex 208794f0; asc ;; 7: len 4; hex 80000bb8; asc ;; 8: SQL NULL; 9: len 4; hex 80000014; asc ;;
为什么线程3当前执行的是一个select t3表操作，但却锁住了test.emp表上page num=3？
有可能是线程3之前对test.emp表的操作事务没有及时提交导致。
所以得出：线程3阻塞了线程7，而线程7又阻塞了线程4，所以根因就是线程3，让线程3尽快提交或是kill掉即可。
4. 结论
在分析innodb中锁阻塞时，几种方法的对比情况：
（1）使用show processlist查看不靠谱；
（2）直接使用show engine innodb status查看，无法判断到问题的根因；
（3）使用mysqladmin debug查看，能看到所有产生锁的线程，但无法判断哪个才是根因；
（4）开启innodb_lock_monitor后，再使用show engine innodb status查看，能够找到锁阻塞的根因。
blog地址：http://blog.csdn.net/hw_libo/article/details/39080809
-- Bosco QQ：375612082
---- END ----
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
版权所有，文章允许转载，但必须以链接方式注明源地址，否则追究法律责任!
通过下面的查询， 来查询当前数据库， 有哪些事务，都锁定哪些资源。SELECTtrx_id AS `事务ID`,trx_state AS `事务状态`,trx_requested_lock_id AS `事务需要等待的资源`,trx_wait_startedAS `事务开始等待时间`,trx_tables_in_use AS `事务使用表`,trx_tables_locked AS `事务拥有锁`,trx_rows_locked AS `事务锁定行`,trx_rows_modified AS `事务更改行`FROMinformation_schema.innodb_trx ;SELECTlock_idAS`锁ID`,lock_trx_id AS`拥有锁的事务ID`,lock_mode AS`锁模式`,lock_type AS`锁类型`,lock_table AS`被锁的表`,lock_index AS`被锁的索引`,lock_space AS`被锁的表空间号`,lock_page AS`被锁的页号`,lock_rec AS`被锁的记录号`,lock_data AS`被锁的数据`FROMinformation_schema.innodb_locks;SELECT requesting_trx_id AS `请求锁的事务ID`, requested_lock_id AS `请求锁的锁ID`, blocking_trx_id AS `当前拥有锁的事务ID`, blocking_lock_id AS `当前拥有锁的锁ID`FROM innodb_lock_waits;
表级锁、页级锁和行级锁是不同粒度上的锁，区别就是锁定的范围大小，顾名思义，表级锁就是在整个表上请求一个锁，页级锁就是在某个数据页上请求一个锁，行级锁就是在某行上请求一个锁。
更新操作一般优先级比读取要高，前提是读取操作在队列中尚未执行，如果读取已经开始从数据中获取数据了，这时候更新请求的锁资源已经被读取操作锁定了，那它只能等读取操作结束以后才能执行。
本站文章为和通数据库网友分享或者投稿，欢迎任何形式的转载，但请务必注明出处.
同时文章内容如有侵犯了您的权益，请联系QQ：970679559，我们会在尽快处理。