MySQL中的字符串模式匹配(1)
MySQL提供标准的SQL模式匹配，以及一种基于象Unix实用程序如vi、grep和sed的扩展正则表达式模式匹配的格式。
标准的SQL模式匹配
SQL的模式匹配允许你使用“_”匹配任何单个字符，而“%”匹配任意数目字符(包括零个字符)。在 MySQL中，SQL的模式缺省是忽略大小写的。下面显示一些例子。注意在你使用SQL模式时，你不能使用=或!=；而使用LIKE或NOT LIKE比较操作符。
例如，在表pet中，为了找出以“b”开头的名字：
mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name LIKE "b%"; |
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+------------+
| name | owner | species | sex | birth | death |
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+------------+
| Buffy | Harold | dog | f | 1989-05-13 | NULL |
| Bowser | Diane | dog | m | 1989-08-31 | 1995-07-29 |
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+------------+
为了找出以“fy”结尾的名字：
mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name LIKE "%fy"; |
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+
| name | owner | species | sex | birth | death |
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+
| Fluffy | Harold | cat | f | 1993-02-04 | NULL |
| Buffy | Harold | dog | f | 1989-05-13 | NULL |
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+
为了找出包含一个“w”的名字：
mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name LIKE "%w%"; |
+----------+-------+---------+------+------------+------------+
| name | owner | species | sex | birth | death |
+----------+-------+---------+------+------------+------------+
| Claws | Gwen | cat | m | 1994-03-17 | NULL |
| Bowser | Diane | dog | m | 1989-08-31 | 1995-07-29 |
| Whistler | Gwen | bird | NULL | 1997-12-09 | NULL |
+----------+-------+---------+------+------------+------------+
为了找出包含正好5个字符的名字，使用“_”模式字符：
mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name LIKE "_____"; |
+-------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+
| name | owner | species | sex | birth | death |
+-------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+
| Claws | Gwen | cat | m | 1994-03-17 | NULL |
| Buffy | Harold | dog | f | 1989-05-13 | NULL |
+-------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+