Redis入门到精通-Redis高级命令，redis-redis

六、Redis高级命令

高级命令

​ keys * : 返回满足的所有键 ,可以模糊匹配

​ exists ：是否存在指定的key，存在返回1，不存在返回0

​ exprie：设置某个key的过期时间

​ ttl：查看剩余时间

​ persisit：取消过去时间

​ select : 选择数据库 数据库为0-15（默认一共16个数据库） s

​ 设计成多个数据库实际上是为了数据库安全和备份

​ move key dbindex ： 将当前数据中的key转移到其他数据库

​ randmkey：随机返回一个key

​ rename：重命名key

127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
 1) "set6"
 2) "c"
.....

127.0.0.1:6379> exists list5
(integer) 0
127.0.0.1:6379> exists list1
(integer) 1

127.0.0.1:6379> set a 5
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> expire a 100
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl a
(integer) 61
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl a
(integer) 60

127.0.0.1:6379> persist a
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> ttl a
(integer) -1

127.0.0.1:6379> select 8
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[8]>
127.0.0.1:6379[8]> select 0
OK
127.0.0.1:6379>

127.0.0.1:6379> move a 8
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> get a
(nil)
127.0.0.1:6379> select 8
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[8]> get a
"5"

127.0.0.1:6379> randomkey
"user1"

127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set6
1) "a"
2) "c"
3) "b"
4) "d"
127.0.0.1:6379> rename set6 set7
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set6
(empty list or set)
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers set7
1) "a"
2) "c"
3) "b"
4) "d"

​ echo：打印命令

​ dbsize：查看数据库的key数量

​ info：查看数据库信息

​ config get * 实时传储收到的请求，返回相关的配置

​ flushdb ：清空当前数据库

​ flushall ：清空所有数据库

127.0.0.1:6379> echo hellojack
"hellojack"

127.0.0.1:6379> dbsize
(integer) 16
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
 1) "c"
 2) "zset1"
 3) "list4"
 4) "set3"
 5) "b"
 6) "list3"
 7) "user2"
 8) "set5"
 9) "list"
10) "set7"
11) "list1"
12) "user1"
13) "set2"
14) "set4"
15) "6"
16) "set1"

127.0.0.1:6379> info
# Server
redis_version:2.9.105
redis_git_sha1:00000000
redis_git_dirty:0
redis_build_id:7528e43d2b782d55
redis_mode:standalone
os:Linux 2.6.32-504.el6.x86_64 x86_64
arch_bits:64
multiplexing_api:epoll
gcc_version:4.4.7
process_id:1743
run_id:761d6b4cfe9510ec62c3dd3f0861cff79b31e016
tcp_port:6379
uptime_in_seconds:11297
uptime_in_days:0
hz:10
lru_clock:15308461
config_file:/usr/local/redis/conf/6379.conf

# Clients
connected_clients:1
client_longest_output_list:0
client_biggest_input_buf:0
blocked_clients:0

# Memory
used_memory:818088
used_memory_human:798.91K
used_memory_rss:7438336
used_memory_peak:818304
used_memory_peak_human:799.12K
used_memory_lua:35840
mem_fragmentation_ratio:9.09
mem_allocator:jemalloc-3.6.0

# Persistence
loading:0
rdb_changes_since_last_save:0
rdb_bgsave_in_progress:0
rdb_last_save_time:1508478949
rdb_last_bgsave_status:ok
rdb_last_bgsave_time_sec:0
rdb_current_bgsave_time_sec:-1
aof_enabled:0
aof_rewrite_in_progress:0
aof_rewrite_scheduled:0
aof_last_rewrite_time_sec:-1
aof_current_rewrite_time_sec:-1
aof_last_bgrewrite_status:ok
aof_last_write_status:ok

# Stats
total_connections_received:1
total_commands_processed:89
instantaneous_ops_per_sec:0
total_net_input_bytes:3170
total_net_output_bytes:2113
instantaneous_input_kbps:0.00
instantaneous_output_kbps:0.00
rejected_connections:0
sync_full:0
sync_partial_ok:0
sync_partial_err:0
expired_keys:0
evicted_keys:0
keyspace_hits:57
keyspace_misses:4
pubsub_channels:0
pubsub_patterns:0
latest_fork_usec:2492
migrate_cached_sockets:0

# Replication
role:master
connected_slaves:0
master_repl_offset:0
repl_backlog_active:0
repl_backlog_size:1048576
repl_backlog_first_byte_offset:0
repl_backlog_histlen:0

# CPU
used_cpu_sys:11.86
used_cpu_user:3.63
used_cpu_sys_children:0.02
used_cpu_user_children:0.00

# Cluster
cluster_enabled:0

# Keyspace
db0:keys=16,expires=0,avg_ttl=0
db8:keys=1,expires=0,avg_ttl=0
127.0.0.1:6379>

Redis 发布与订阅消息

​ Redis提供了简单的发布订阅功能:

​ subscribe [频道] 进行订阅监听

​ publish [频道 发布内容] 进行发布消息广播

​ 测试：准备几个ssh链接

​ ssh1:订阅频道cctv-1

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli -a redis (本例中设置了密码为redis)
127.0.0.1:6379> subscribe cctv-1
Reading messages... (press Ctrl-C to quit)
1) "subscribe"
2) "cctv-1"
3) (integer) 1

​ ssh2:订阅频道cctv-1

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli -a redis
127.0.0.1:6379> subscribe cctv-1
Reading messages... (press Ctrl-C to quit)
1) "subscribe"
2) "cctv-1"
3) (integer) 1

​ ssh3: 往频道cctv-1发布消息 “abcd”

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli -a redis
127.0.0.1:6379> publish cctv-1 "abcd"
(integer) 1

​ 观察ssh1 和 ssh2 的控制台。

Redis安全性

​ 因为redis速度相当快，所以一台比较好的服务器下，一个外部用户在一秒内可以进行15W次密码尝试，这意味着你需要设定非常强大的密码来防止暴力破解。

​ redis一般都设置为内网访问。

vi /usr/local/redis/conf/6379.conf

​ 修改：#reqirepass foobared

​ 为 ： reqirepass redis(你的密码)

​ 重启服务，再次进入会发现没有权限：

[root@localhost conf]# pkill redis-server
[root@localhost conf]# ../bin/redis-server /usr/local/redis/conf/6379.conf
[root@localhost conf]# cd ..
[root@localhost redis]# cd bin/
[root@localhost bin]# ./redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
(error) NOAUTH Authentication required.

​ 输入密码则成功进入:

127.0.0.1:6379> auth redis
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
 1) "c"
 2) "set1"
 3) "zset1"  ......

​ 每次进入的时候都要输入密码，简单的方法，登录授权：

[root@localhost bin]# ./redis-cli -a redis
127.0.0.1:6379> keys *
 1) "c"
 2) "set1"   .......