JDBC 连接 MariaDB 步骤原理及依赖包，jdbcmariadb
获取driver(Obtaining the driver)
The driver (jar and source code)) can be downloaded from
https://downloads.mariadb.org/client-java/
安装(Installing the driver)
Installation is as simple as placing the .jar file in your classpath.
把.jar文件复制到程序的classpath下
如果是在Eclipse中做工程，则参照<使用Eclipse时导入第三方jar包之常用方法>
http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/6079ad0e7e4de128fe86db40.html
Requirements
- Java 7 (until April 2015) or 8
- com.sun.JNA is used by some library functions and a jar is available at
https://github.com/twall/jna
- only needed when connecting to the server with unix sockets or windows shared memory
- A MariaDB or MySQL Server
- maven (only if you want build from source)
Installing the driver
Installation of the client library is very simple, the jar file should be saved in an appropriate place for your application and the classpath of your application altered to include the MariaDB Client Library for Java Applications rather than your current connector.
Using the driver
The following subsections show the formatting of JDBC connection strings for MariaDB, MySQL database servers. Additionally, sample code is provided that demonstrates how to connect to one of these servers and create a table.
Driver Manager
Applications designed to use the driver manager to locate the entry point need no further configuration, the MariaDB Client Library for Java Applications will automatically be loaded and used in the way any previous MySQL driver would have been.
Driver Class
Please note that the driver class provided by the MariaDB Client Library for Java Applications is not com.mysql.jdbc.Driver butorg.mariadb.jdbc.Driver!
注意MariaDB 提供的驱动类已经不再是com.mysql.jdbc.Driver 而是org.mariadb.jdbc.Driver了
Connection strings
Format of the JDBC connection string is
JDBC连接字符串:
jdbc:mysql://<host>:<port>/<database>?<key1>=<value1>&<key2>=<value2>...
Altenatively
也可以用:
jdbc:mariadb://<host>:<port>/<database>?<key1>=<value1>&<key2>=<value2>...
can also be used.
Optional URL parameters
General remark: Unknown options accepted and are silently ignored.
Following options are currently supported.
| key | description | supported since version |
|---|---|---|
| user | Database user name | 1.0.0 |
| password | Password of database user | 1.0.0 |
| fastConnect | If set, skips check for sql_mode, assumes NO_BACKSLASH_ESCAPES is *not* set | 1.0.0 |
| useFractionalSeconds | Correctly handle subsecond precision in timestamps (feature available withMariaDB 5.3 and later).May confuse 3rd party components (Hibernated) | 1.0.0 |
| allowMultiQueries | Allows multiple statements in single executeQuery | 1.0.0 |
| dumpQueriesOnException | If set to 'true', exception thrown during query execution contain query string | 1.1.0 |
| useCompression | allow compression in MySQL Protocol | 1.0.0 |
| useSSL | Force SSL on connection | 1.1.0 |
| trustServerCertificate | When using SSL, do not check server's certificate | 1.1.1 |
| serverSslCert | Server's certificatem in DER form, or server's CA certificate. Can be used in one of 3 forms, sslServerCert=/path/to/cert.pem (full path to certificate), sslServerCert=classpath:relative/cert.pem (relative to current classpath), or as verbatim DER-encoded certificate string "------BEGING CERTIFICATE-----" | 1.1.3 |
| socketFactory | to use custom socket factory, set it to full name of the class that implements javax.net.SocketFactory | 1.0.0 |
| tcpNoDelay | Sets corresponding option on the connection socket | 1.0.0 |
| tcpKeepAlive | Sets corresponding option on the connection socket | 1.0.0 |
| tcpAbortiveClose | Sets corresponding option on the connection socket | 1.1.1 |
| tcpRcvBuf | set buffer size for TCP buffer (SO_RCVBUF) | 1.0.0 |
| tcpSndBuf | set buffer size for TCP buffer (SO_SNDBUF) | 1.0.0 |
| pipe | On Windows, specify named pipe name to connect to mysqld.exe | 1.1.3 |
| tinyInt1isBit | Datatype mapping flag, handle MySQL Tiny as BIT(boolean) | 1.0.0 |
| yearIsDateType | Year is date type, rather than numerical | 1.0.0 |
| sessionVariables | <var>=<value> pairs separated by comma, mysql session variables, set upon establishing successfull connection | 1.1.0 |
| localSocket | Allows to connect to database via Unix domain socket, if server allows it. The value is the path of Unix domain socket, i.e "socket" database parameter | 1.1.4 |
| sharedMemory | Allowed to connect database via shared memory, if server allows it. The value is base name of the shared memory | 1.1.4 |
JDBC API Implementation Notes
Streaming result sets
By default, Statement.executeQuery() will read full result set from server before returning. With large result sets, this will require large amounts of memory. Better behavior in this case would be reading row-by-row, with ResultSet.next(), so called "streaming" feature. It is activated using Statement.setFetchSize(Integer.MIN_VALUE)
Prepared statements
The driver only uses text protocol to communicate with the database. Prepared statements (parameter substitution) is handled by the driver, on the client side.
CallableStatement
Callable statement implementation won't need to access stored procedure metadata (mysql.proc) table if both of following are true
- CallableStatement.getMetadata() is not used
- Parameters are accessed by index, not by name
When possible, following the two rules above provides both better speed and eliminates concerns about SELECT privileges on the mysql.proc table.
Optional JDBC classes
Following optional interfaces are implemented by the org.mariadb.jdbc.MySQLDataSource class : javax.sql.DataSource, javax.sql.ConnectionPoolDataSource, javax.sql.XADataSource
Usage examples
The following code provides a basic example of how to connect to a MariaDB or MySQL server and create a table.
Creating a table on a MariaDB or MySQL Server
Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test", "username", "password");
Statement stmt = connection.createStatement();
stmt.executeUpdate("CREATE TABLE a (id int not null primary key, value varchar(20))");
stmt.close();
connection.close();
关于mariadb对SLF4J的依赖
经测mariadb-java-client-1.2.2.jar需要SLF4J的支持. 如果没有导入SLF4J 的jar包, 连接数据库时会报如下错误:
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/slf4j/LoggerFactory
at org.mariadb.jdbc.Driver.<clinit>
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.slf4j.LoggerFactory
导入SLF4J核心包(slf4j-api-1.7.12.jar)后, 程序可以正常运行, 但仍会报一个警告:
SLF4J: Failed to load class "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder".
导入slf4j-jdk14-1.7.12.jar包后修复.
附SLF4J下载地址:http://www.slf4j.org/download.html