Cassandra在Windows上安装及使用方法[转]，

Cassandra在Windows上安装及使用方法[转]，

一、安装1、安装cassandra    1.1 下载安装程序 在http://cassandra.apache.org/下载Cassandra的安装程序;    1.2 安装配置 1)解压下载后的程序apache-cassandra-0.7.3-bin.tar.gz到某个目录，如d:\cassandra； 2)修改conf目录下配置文件     A)使用记事本打开cassandra.yaml文件，修改如下参数：    data_file_directories:    - /var/lib/cassandra/data    为 - d:\cassandra\data     注意：-后面需要有空格    commitlog_directory: /var/lib/cassandra/commitlog    为：commitlog_directory: d:\cassandra\commitlog    saved_caches_directory: /var/lib/cassandra/saved_caches    为：saved_caches_directory: d:\cassandra\saved_caches  B)使用记事本打开log4j-server.properties文件，修改如下参数：    log4j.appender.R.File=/var/log/cassandra/system.log    为：log4j.appender.R.File=D:\Cassandra\logs2、安装JRE      2.1 下载安装程序 在http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html上下载jre的安装程序； jre和jdk区别：jre只是java环境，jdk包含了开发工具和jre；    2.2 直接双击执行jre-6u25-windows-i586.exe进行安装，默认安装在C:\Program Files\Java\jre6目录即可；3、配置环境变量    3.1 打开windows的环境变量配置窗口  鼠标右键点击我的电脑，选择属性，在弹出界面点击【高级】页签，再点击【环境变量】按钮；    3.2 配置JAVA_HOME环境变量 在“系统变量”添加JAVA_HOME，点击【系统变量】下方的【新建】按钮，输入          变量名:JAVA_HOME   变量值:C:\Program Files\Java\jre6    3.3 配置Cassandra_HOME环境变量 在“系统变量”添加Cassandra_HOME，点击【系统变量】下方的【新建】按钮，输入          变量名:Cassandra_HOME   变量值:D:\Cassandra\apache-cassandra-0.7.34、启动Cassandra  开始运行中敲入cmd回车打开命令窗口，敲入cd D:\Cassandra\apache-cassandra-0.7.3\bin回车，敲入d:回车，转到D:\Cassandra\apache-cassandra-0.7.3\bin目录后，直接敲入cassandra就可以启动cassandra服务了，如下：D:\Cassandra\apache-cassandra-0.7.3\bin>cassandraStarting Cassandra Server INFO 09:33:34,375 Logging initialized INFO 09:33:34,390 Heap size: 1070399488/1070399488 INFO 09:33:34,390 JNA not found. Native methods will be disabled. INFO 09:33:34,406 Loading settings from file:/D:/Cassandra/apache-cassandra-0.7.3/conf/cassandra.yaml INFO 09:33:34,562 DiskAccessMode 'auto' determined to be standard, indexAccessMode is standard INFO 09:33:34,765 Creating new commitlog segment d:\cassandra\commitlog\CommitLog-1306200814765.log INFO 09:33:34,781 Couldn't detect any schema definitions in local storage. INFO 09:33:34,781 Found table data in data directories. Consider using JMX to call org.apache.cassandra.service.StorageService.loadSchemaFromYaml(). INFO 09:33:34,796 No commitlog files found; skipping replay INFO 09:33:34,828 Upgrading to 0.7. Purging hints if there are any. Old hints will be snapshotted. INFO 09:33:34,828 Cassandra version: 0.7.3 INFO 09:33:34,828 Thrift API version: 19.4.0 INFO 09:33:34,843 Loading persisted ring state INFO 09:33:34,843 Starting up server gossip INFO 09:33:34,843 switching in a fresh Memtable for LocationInfo at CommitLogContext(file='d:\cassandra\commitlog\CommitLog-1306200814765.log', position=700) 

 INFO 09:33:34,859 Enqueuing flush of Memtable-LocationInfo@31556811(227 bytes,4 operations)

 INFO 09:33:34,859 Writing Memtable-LocationInfo@31556811(227 bytes, 4 operations) INFO 09:33:35,656 Completed flushing d:\cassandra\data\system\LocationInfo-f-1-Data.db (335 bytes) WARN 09:33:35,718 Generated random token 152144483071909207899303400696660552068. Random tokens will result in an unbalanced ring; see http://wiki.apache.org/cassandra/Operations INFO 09:33:35,718 switching in a fresh Memtable for LocationInfo at CommitLogContext(file='d:\cassandra\commitlog\CommitLog-1306200814765.log', position=996) INFO 09:33:35,718 Enqueuing flush of Memtable-LocationInfo@22975191(53 bytes, 2operations) INFO 09:33:35,734 Writing Memtable-LocationInfo@22975191(53 bytes, 2 operations) INFO 09:33:35,828 Completed flushing d:\cassandra\data\system\LocationInfo-f-2-Data.db (163 bytes) INFO 09:33:35,843 Will not load MX4J, mx4j-tools.jar is not in the classpath INFO 09:33:35,890 Binding thrift service to localhost/127.0.0.1:9160 INFO 09:33:35,890 Using TFastFramedTransport with a max frame size of 15728640bytes. INFO 09:33:35,890 Listening for thrift clients...二、使用1、连接Cassandra服务    开始运行中敲入cmd回车进入命令窗口，敲入cd D:\Cassandra\apache-cassandra-0.7.3\bin后，在敲入d:回车转到bin目录中    敲入cassandra-cli命令回车，直接敲入如下命令可以连接到本机已经启动的cassandra数据库--cassandra默认为9160端口，注意后面需要有;结束connect localhost/9160;2、创建keyspacecreate keyspace keyspace1;use keyspace1;3、创建column familycreate column family Standard1 with column_type = 'Standard' and comparator = 'BytesType';describe keyspace keyspace1;list standard1;drop column family standard1;--必须指定column_type和comparatorcreate column family cf1 with column_type = 'Standard' and comparator = 'BytesType';create column family cf2 with column_type = 'Standard' and comparator = 'UTF8Type' and rows_cached = 10000;create column family Super1 with column_type=Super and comparator=BytesType;--设置列值set cf1['key_1']['column_1']='value_1';set cf1['key_1']['column_2']='value_2';set cf1['key_2']['column_1']='value_3';set cf1['key_2']['column_2']='value_4';--设置列值set cf2['key_1']['column_1']='value_1';set cf2['key_1']['column_2']='value_2';set cf2['key_2']['column_1']='value_3';set cf2['key_2']['column_2']='value_4';set super1['key_1']['column_1']='value_1';get cf2['key_2']['column_2'];  --提示错误Column family Super1 may only contain SuperColumns--取列值get cf1['key_1'];--计数count  cf1['key_1'];count  cf1['key_2'];--取列值get cf1['key_1']['column_1'];--删除列值del cf1['key_1']['column_1'];list cf2[key_1:];---二级索引的使用1、定义：在Cassandra中，对列值(column values)的索引叫做"二级索引"，它与列簇(column families)中对key的索引不同。二级索引允许我们对列值进行查询，并且在读取和写入的时候不会引起操作阻塞。2、使用方法：create keyspace demo;use demo;--注意大小写,索引birth_datecreate column family users with comparator=UTF8Type and column_metadata=[{column_name:full_name,validation_class:UTF8Type},{column_name:birth_date,validation_class:LongType,index_type:KEYS}];--插入数据：set users[a][full_name]='a';set users[a][birth_date]=1977;set users[b][full_name]='b';set users[b][birth_date]=1978;set users[c][full_name]='c';set users[c][birth_date]=1979;set users[d][full_name]='d';set users[d][birth_date]=1977;--查询birth_date=1977的数据：get users where birth_date=1977;--查询结果如下：[default@demo] get users where birth_date=1977;-------------------RowKey: a=> (column=birth_date, value=1977, timestamp=1306733443578000)=> (column=full_name, value=a, timestamp=1306733438406000)-------------------RowKey: d=> (column=birth_date, value=1977, timestamp=1306733577125000)=> (column=full_name, value=d, timestamp=1306733572687000)2 Rows Returned.--多个二级索引使用set users[a][card_no]='111';--更新列簇users设置card_no和birth_date都索引update column family users with comparator=UTF8Type and column_metadata=[{column_name:full_name,validation_class:UTF8Type},{column_name:birth_date,validation_class:LongType,index_type:KEYS},{column_name:card_no,validation_class:UTF8Type,index_type:KEYS}];--查询证件号码为111的列get users where card_no='111';get users where card_no='111' and birth_date=1977;--虽然full_name没有索引，但是也能够查出结果get users where card_no='111' and birth_date=1977 and full_name='a';get users where card_no='111' and full_name='a';get users where birth_date=1977 and full_name='a';--如果仅仅通过full_name查询则出错get users where full_name='a';--结果如下：[defualt@demo] get users where full_name='a';No indexed columns present in index clause with operator EQ--退出quit;